Create flashcards in notes completely automatically. In the mid-Pleistocene, many deposits on this plain resulted from ice dams which produced a large glacial lake. The Verkhoyansk Range was extensively glaciated in the Pleistocene, but the climate was too dry for glaciation to extend to low elevations. The shatterbelt is a region of the earth that stretches from Eastern and central Sakha comprises numerous northsouth mountain ranges of various ages. It had extensive international borders with China (998 km) and Mongolia (868 km) and internal borders with Irkutsk and Amur Oblasts, as well as with the republics of Buryatia and Yakutia. what 2 types of water treatment have in common? See answer (1) Best Answer. [6] Over 85% of the region's population is of European descent.[7][8]. At these low elevations are numerous valleys, many of them deep and covered with larch forest, except in the extreme north where the tundra dominates. My older child weighs 25%25 \%25% more than my younger child. [2], Siberia is known worldwide primarily for its long, harsh winters, with a January average of 25C (13F). Thus there are likely to be important trade routes between the two; it is also between Russia (Europe) and Iraq (western Asia), so trade routes may connect the two areas and cross other trade routes. [82], In 2020 the gross regional product of Siberia was 26.7trillion or around US$400 billion.[83]. Wikivoyage Wikipedia Photo: Efenstor, CC0. Eastern Europ e is internally divided amongst its many ethnicities and is found between Russia and the powers of NATO. And wha Only the extreme northwest was glaciated during the Quaternary, but almost all is under exceptionally deep permafrost, and the only tree that can thrive, despite the warm summers, is the deciduous Siberian Larch (Larix sibirica) with its very shallow roots. Specimens of Goldfuss cave lion cubs, Yuka the mammoth and another woolly mammoth from Oymyakon, a woolly rhinoceros from the Kolyma, and bison and horses from Yukagir have been found. The Yenisey Krasnoyarsk basketball team has played in the VTB United League since 201112. Assuming that Rossmore Brothers is planning to purchase 2,000 of these faucets from the supplier, what is the total expected cost to Rossmore Brothers for the deal? a country that appears to be independent, but is under heavy political and economic influence or control by another country; used mainly to refer to Central and Eastern European countries of the Warsaw Pact during the Cold War, the process of converting government-owned businesses to private ownership. The population of Siberia remains sparse, is chiefly concentrated in the west and south, is more than half urban, and is overwhelmingly Russian in ethnic character. The concept of the shatter belt - a fragment of fragility in geopolitics is still defined as strategically positioned and oriented regions that are both deeply internally divided and captured in the competition between the great powers in the geostrategic areas and spheres. Siberia can be reached through the Trans-Siberian Railway. This towering mountain range dividing Europe and Asia, and the broader region surrounding it, is part of the Russia borderlands shatterbelt system that has been "in play" since the "Great Game" between Russia and the UK in the 1800s. This region has been a shatterbelt since at least 500 years, due to . Many cities in northern Siberia, such as Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky, cannot be reached by road, as there are virtually none connecting from other major cities in Russia or Asia. northern indigenous people. This is in fact a subset of new and old nation-states in the region of Central and Eastern Europe or, to use an older, but increasingly popular term, 'Mitteleuropa' (Ruppert, 1997). In general, Sakha is the coldest Siberian region, and the basin of the Yana has the lowest temperatures of all, with permafrost reaching 1,493 metres (4,898ft). The location, bounded . The 2019 Winter Universiade was hosted by Krasnoyarsk. These mountains extend up to almost 3,000 metres (9,800ft), but above a few hundred metres they are almost completely devoid of vegetation. They are continually exacerbated by outside powers seeking strategic advantages and resource access. East of the Yenisey River is central Siberia, a vast area that consists mainly of plains and the Central Siberian Plateau. Modern farming methods were introduced into southern Siberia to grow cereal grains and produce dairy products, and coal mining was also started in several locations. Though all but Iran are broadly aligned with the West, they have different ethnic, religious, economic, and strategic concerns and contribute substantially to instability in shatterbelts. . [27], With the breakup of the Golden Horde, the autonomous Khanate of Sibir formed in the late-15th century. The worldviews and interests of the country's main ethnic groups (Hazara, Pashtun, Uzbek, and Tajik) have not been reconciled in over 50 years. [37], In the early decades of the Soviet Union (especially in the 1930s and 1940s), the government used the Gulag state agency to administer a system of penal labour camps, replacing the previous katorga system. The region is akin to a turning kaleidoscope: same pieces, new designs. In addition to its cultural status, it has become a major oil-refining, education, transport and agriculture hub. You can specify conditions of storing and accessing cookies in your browser. In the south of the plain, where permafrost is largely absent, rich grasslands that are an extension of the Kazakh Steppe formed the original vegetation, most of which is no longer visible.[why?]. [5] It is geographically situated in Asia; however, having been colonized and incorporated into Russia, it is culturally and politically a part of Europe. [47]:228 A regional geologic reconnaissance study begun in 1932 and followed by surface and subsurface mapping revealed the Markova-Angara Arch (anticline). How are choke points and shatterbelts related? Sibir', IPA:[sbir] (listen)) is an extensive geographical region, constituting all of North Asia, from the Ural Mountains in the west to the Pacific Ocean in the east. A., 1980, "Geology and Petroleum Fields in Proterozoic and Lower Cambrian Strata, Lena-Tunguska Petroleum Province, Eastern Siberia, USSR", in. The region was relatively calm in the early 2020s with the winding down of the bloodiest phases of wars in Syria and Iraq. [34] Between 1859 and 1917 more than half a million people migrated to the Russian Far East. They were active during the Cold War, but are now inactive. [10] The Polish historian Chyliczkowski has proposed that the name derives from the proto-Slavic word for "north" (, sever),[11] same as Severia. Political geographers have debated what preconditions are needed for the instability of shatterbelts. A number of factors in recent years, including the fomenting of 'Siberian separatism' have made the definition of the territory of Siberia a potentially controversial subject. Because with some sort of spark, they could explode, in reference to an event such as the assassination of Archduke Ferdinand that sparked World War I. of the users don't pass the Shatterbelt quiz! what are the characteristics of shatter belts? A. define shatter belt. [46] Soils here are mainly turbels, giving way to spodosols where the active layer becomes thicker and the ice-content lower. [19], At least three species of human lived in Southern Siberia around 40,000 years ago: H. sapiens, H. neanderthalensis, and the Denisovans. Russia's third most popular sport, bandy,[84] is important in Siberia. what challenge do they face. Balkan Peninsula. This an example of a(n) A) shatterbelt. Create and find flashcards in record time. What clues does this map give you to the existence of a shatterbelt? There are a variety of beliefs throughout Siberia, including Orthodox Christianity, other denominations of Christianity, Tibetan Buddhism and Islam. to be the largest known volcanic eruption in Earth's history. Also included as regional blocs not earlier identified as shatterbelts are Middle America,1 South America, West Europe and Asia (excluding its eastern and south- eastern portions). Everything you need for your studies in one place. Please select which sections you would like to print: Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree. A region that historically is caught between stronger colliding external forces. Siberia falls into four major geographic regions, all of great extent. Post-Cold War episodes of violence included major and minor wars (e.g., Chechnya, Daghestan, South Ossetia); the current central conflict is between Armenia and Azerbaijan. Other major cities include: Barnaul, Kemerovo, Krasnoyarsk, Novokuznetsk, Tyumen. Answer: A shatterbelt is a geographical region in which major nations fight for control. Ukraine is a classic shatterbelt component as it is trapped between the geostrategic interests of major rivals. By this definition, Siberia includes the federal subjects of the Siberian Federal District, and some of the Ural Federal District, as well as Sakha (Yakutia) Republic, which is a part of the Far Eastern Federal District. Heartland contained Eastern European Steppe (productive area of grain cultivation) and Siberian Taiga Forest (minerals . [10], By the mid-17th century, Russia had established areas of control that extended to the Pacific Ocean. Let's briefly look at the following active shatterbelts: The Balkans are currently quiet, and several countries (e.g., Slovenia, Croatia) have become developed and peaceful since the end of the Balkans wars of the 1990s. About seventy percent of Siberia's people live in cities, mainly in apartments. Gerardus Mercator, in a map published in 1595, marks Sibier both as the name of a settlement and of the surrounding territory along a left tributary of the Ob. Long-term shatterbelts seem to suffer from such a level of inter-ethnic hostility that even the end of drawn-out conflicts, economic development, and evolution of stable and mature political systems aren't enough to keep these areas from shattering again and again. 120 seconds. 4 - Ethnic and linguistic diversity in the Caucasus shatterbelt. What country in the Horn of Africa hosts several military bases of global rivals? Elsewhere food production, owing to the poor fertility of the podzolic soils and the extremely short growing seasons, is restricted to the herding of reindeer in the tundrawhich has been practiced by natives for over 10,000 years. Before Russian colonization began in the late 16th century, Siberia was inhabited by a large number of small ethnic groups whose members subsisted either as hunter-gatherers or as pastoral nomads relying on domestic reindeer. Nevertheless, Imperial Russian plans of settlement never viewed cold as an impediment. Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. Siberia is vast and sparsely populated, covering an area of over 13.1million square kilometres (5,100,000sqmi), but home to merely one-fifth of Russia's population. Religion is a huge issue, and the strongest fault lines are between Islam and Judaism, Shia and Sunni Islam, within Sunnism, and (in Lebanon and Syria) between various Christian, Muslim, Yazidi, and Druze factions. Wiki User. Have you noticed how some places are constantly at war, on the edge of war, or recovering from a war? Thus, the whole region of Siberia (in the broadest usage of the term) is home to approximately 30million people. [2][4] The central part of Siberia (West and East Siberian economic regions) was considered the core part of the region in the Soviet Union. Eastern Europe. [3], Siberian Federal DistrictHistorical Russian SiberiaNorth Asia (greatest extent of Siberia), Because Siberia is a geographic and historic region and not a political entity, there is no single precise definition of its territorial borders. An example of a shatterbelt is the Balkan Peninsula. Upload unlimited documents and save them online. Siberia's name comes from the Tatar word for "sleeping land".It is one of the largest landmasses in the world, comprising about 9% of the entire world's dry landmass. In all of these regions major world powers versus . The nature reserve park also conducts climatic research on the changes expected from the reintroduction of grazing animals or large herbivores, hypothesizing that a transition from tundra to grassland would lead to a net change in energy emission to absorption ratios.[56]. Land Sudan, Balkans (EU), East Timor, Catalonia and Spain are all shatterbelt regions because the regions are endangered with local conflicts in the states and countries. In the winter, southern Siberia sits near the center of the semi-permanent Siberian High, so winds are usually light in the winter. [35] Siberia has extensive natural resources: during the 20th century, large-scale exploitation of these took place, and industrial towns cropped up throughout the region. Agriculture, by contrast, suffered greatly from collectivization in 193033 and was neglected until the Virgin Lands Campaign of 195456, when southwestern Siberia (including northern Kazakhstan) was the principal area to be opened to cultivation. In essence, shatterbelts are created where local rivalries and global rivalries come together in the same place. France, the US, and Russia are all involved. The largest of these groups, however, the Sakha (Yakut), raised cattle and horses. Across the region, the influences of the West, China, Russia, and Pakistan are felt. -Multiple ethnic groups are present in each country, -It is a border area between Turkey and Iran, both of which are regional powers, -Some ethnic groups are found in two countries (Georgians in Russia and Georgia), -Russians (R) are found widely within areas of other ethnic groups inside and outside Russia, -Kurds are found in at least four countries. With the decline of the fur trade, the mining of silver and other metals became the main economic activity in Siberia in the 18th century. Popular Destinations Altai Republic Photo: akudrin, CC BY 2.0. These three tiny countries are the geopolitical tinderbox of the Balkans. Turkic-speaking Yakut migrated north from the Lake Baikal region under pressure from the Mongol tribes during the 13th to 15th century. False. They are the least economically developed countries in Europe, and ethnoreligious hatred between Serbs and Muslims has not diminished, particularly in Kosovo. N. Shakhova, I. Semiletov, A. Salyuk, D. Kosmach, and N. Bel'cheva (2007), Last edited on 28 February 2023, at 01:58, Russian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic, Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic, Map of the most populated area of Siberia, Comparison of the nine biggest Siberian cities' growth in the 20th century, 201516 Russian Bandy Super League season, " 1 2023 . The late 1950s and 60s saw major industrial development take place, notably the opening up of large oil and natural gas fields in western Siberia and the construction of giant hydroelectric stations at locations along the Angara, Yenisey, and Ob rivers. Its 100% free. Soviet-era sources (Great Soviet Encyclopedia and others)[4] and modern Russian ones[73] usually define Siberia as a region extending eastward from the Ural Mountains to the watershed between Pacific and Arctic drainage basins, and southward from the Arctic Ocean to the hills of north-central Kazakhstan and the national borders of both Mongolia and China. But Christians in the Balkans are bitterly divided between Roman Catholicism (Slovenia and Croatia) and Eastern Orthodox (Greek, Serbian, etc.) This led to the discovery of the Markovo Oil Field in 1962 with the Markovo1 well, which produced from the Early Cambrian Osa Horizon bar-sandstone at a depth of 2,156 metres (7,073ft). StudySmarter is commited to creating, free, high quality explainations, opening education to all. The country/port of Djibouti currently hosts military bases from rival countries such as the US and China. These steps would be beneficial not only for the region but also the global environment because they would decrease the risks of economic turbulence and political instability. Choke points are geostrategic locations that are often found within shatterbelts, (True or False) States with a lot of cultural diversity are weak and prone to shattering. Relationships along the shatterbelt are rapidly being rearranged through the shifting and twisting of five intersecting . Timber remains an important source of revenue, even though many forests in the east have been logged much more rapidly than they are able to recover. However, the seemingly intractable situation of NATO-protected Kosovo and the alignment of Serbia with Russia suggest that the shatterbelt could be activated again, particularly if the Ukraine conflict spreads. Southeastern Europe and the Balkan Peninsula are the best examples of shatterbelts. What is a shatterbelt? "Probable asteroidal origin of the Tunguska Cosmic Body" (PDF). The climate of Siberia varies dramatically, but it typically has short summers and long, brutally cold winters. Which of the following is an accurate statement about the country of Jordan? Write a paragraph that explains the importance of due process and how it protects individual rights. Although Siberia was used as a place of exile for criminals and political prisoners, Russian settlement (by state peasants and runaway serfs) remained insignificant until the building of the Trans-Siberian Railroad (18911905), after which large-scale in-migration occurred. [87] Now Khabarovsk has the world's largest indoor arena specifically built for bandy, Arena Yerofey. The active layer tends to be less than one metre deep, except near rivers. Siberia. They built fortified towns in strategic locations, among them Tyumen (1586), Tomsk (1604), Krasnoyarsk (1628), and Irkutsk (1652). Conflict minerals, such as diamonds and coltan, fuel conflict here, exacerbated by long-standing ethnic hatred between Hutu and Tutsi and discrimination against Pygmies by Bantu groups as well as between herders and farmers and between animists, Christians, and Muslims. . As a result, the Korean Wars (to prevent NK from becoming a communist State) and the Vietnam War occurred. Eastern Europe is a shatterbelt because it contains numerous impoverished, underdeveloped, and weak states sandwiched between the powerful global rivals of Russia and the West (western Europe and the US). The understanding, and association of "Siberia" have gradually changed during the ages. That one will also have a speed skating oval.[89]. It is exceptionally rich in minerals, containing large deposits of gold, diamonds, and ores of manganese, lead, zinc, nickel, cobalt, and molybdenum. This definition excludes Sverdlovsk Oblast and Chelyabinsk Oblast, both of which are included in some wider definitions of Siberia. what terrain is most likely to serve as a shatter belt? Stop procrastinating with our study reminders. Religious violence and extremism are components of most conflicts. [77] Around 70% of Russia's developed oil fields are in the Khanty-Mansiysk region. effort to eradicate a people and its culture by means of mass killing and the destruction of historical buildings and cultural materials. illegal trade where scarce goods are sold at high prices, The imaginary line between the Communist and non-Communist countries was called, the part of Russia that lies on the continent of Asia, restructuring of the Soviet economy; policy introduced by Gorbachev, which led to the downfall of the Soviet Union, Policy of government openness and moving toward a democracy, an economic system in which the central government directs all major economic decisions, radioactive waste material produced by nuclear power plants-like in Chernobyl. Ethnic divisions come into play, with frayed relationships between Jews, Arabs, Kurds, Turkic peoples, Iranians, and even within various Arab clans and ethnic nations. (True or False) Central America and Southeast Asia are active shatterbelts. What two parts of Moldova are pro-Russian? An estimated 70,000 Jews live in Siberia,[100] some in the Jewish Autonomous Region. Photo Gallery.Birds of Siberia", "Western Capercaillie (Tetrao urogallus). The Central Siberian Plateau is an ancient craton (sometimes named Angaraland) that formed an independent continent before the Permian (see the Siberian continent). Match each of the following terms with the best corresponding definition. Iunioris, "Russia's Expansionist Policies I. Autonomous republics. 2008-01-14 02:06:46. Command Economy. Soils are mainly turbels (a type of gelisol). Almost all the population lives in the south, along the route of the Trans-Siberian Railway. [30] Other sources[which?] B) Western Europe. Somalia is only a country on paper now because it has several self-governing components that do not recognize the government in the capital of Mogadishu. He suggests that the name might be a combination of two words with Turkic origin, "su" (water) and "bir" (wild land). - location of global resources. Remote parts of Siberia are too costly to connect to central electricity and gas grids, and have therefore historically been supplied with costly diesel, sometimes flown in by helicopter. a country that appears to be independent, but is under heavy political and economic influence or control by another country; used mainly to refer to Central and Eastern European countries of the Warsaw Pact during the Cold War. Exile was the main Russian punitive practice with more than 800,000 people exiled during the nineteenth century. and also between ethnic Slavs ("protected" by Russia, such as Serbs) and non-Slavs (Greeks, Albanians, etc.). [24][25], During past millennia different groups of nomads such as the Enets, the Nenets, the Huns, the Xiongnu, the Scythians, and the Yugur inhabited various parts of Siberia. Geographers would say that where the wall once stood now acts as a relict boundary The Malthusian view of the world argues that famine in developing countries can be explained by examining their patterns of population growth And some is tens of thousands of years old. Shatterbelts are created by a combination of local and global rivalries occurring in the same geographic region whereby weak states are not able to prevent their governments from collapsing and war from breaking out. The origin of the name is unknown. Oymyakon is a village which recorded a temperature of 67.7C (89.9F) on 6 February 1933. It is made up of the central and eastern portions of Russia and it encompasses the area from the Ural Mountains east to the Pacific Ocean.It also extends from the Arctic Ocean south to northern Kazakhstan and the borders of Mongolia and China.In total Siberia covers 5.1 million square miles (13.1 million sq km) or 77% of Russia's . The Siberian Traps were formed by one of the largest-known volcanic events of the last 251million years of Earth's geological history. In such cases renewable energy is often cheaper. In 2007 Kemerovo got Russia's first indoor arena specifically built for bandy. Key states in the area involved themselves in the conflicts. Around seven million Russians moved to Siberia from Europe between 1801 and 1914. Eastern Europe is internally divided amongst its many ethnicities and is found between Russia and the powers of NATO. It is called the shatterbelt because it is a zone of persistent splintering and fracturing. Fig. Because of the 1967 war, Jordan was the only Arab nation to make peace with Israel. At least two global rivals have strong diplomatic and even military presences in the region. Historically, Siberia was defined as the whole part of Russia and North Kazakhstan to the east of Ural Mountains, including the Russian Far East. After the Cold War, constituent countries such as Cambodia and El Salvador were left with social and political chaos and remain mired in underdevelopment, but war is no longer a factor. World History Unit:10 Lesson:2 " A Muslim Emp, World History Unit:10 Lesson:6 "Diverse Peopl, Northern, Northwestern, and Southern Europe, Fall Final Review Set 2-Weather & Climate, Daniel D. Arreola, James F. Petersen, Marci Smith Deal, Rickie Sanders, World Geography: Building a Global Perspective. The region is often fractured and splintered politically and ethnically. Siberia, its name derived from the Tatar term for sleeping land, is notorious for the length and severity of its almost snowless winters: in Sakha, minimum temperatures of 90 F (68 C) have been recorded. Sign up to highlight and take notes. Siberia, Russian Sibir, vast region of Russia and northern Kazakhstan, constituting all of northern Asia. a conflict OF IDEAS that was between the US and the Soviet Union. Heartland Theory Rimland Theory -The area is located between two large water bodies. & Adams J.M. It is also a zone where various religions and ethnicities mix. However, in this and some other geography textbooks, the term Siberia more specifically describes only the region north of the Eastern Frontier that extends to the Kamchatka Peninsula. . Green areas are Gagauzia and Transnistria, both politically close to Russia, and the latter a breakaway republic. 2008-01 . It sits at a nexus of world trade and contains hundreds of Christian, Muslim, and animist ethnic groups. Weak states are the rule. Southern Siberia was part of the Mongols khanate of the Golden Horde from the 10th to the mid-15th century. The term 'Balkan' has been derived from a Turkish word that refers to a "chain of . The border zone between the Muslim World and Christian/animist sub-Saharan Africa is the environmentally fragile southern side of the Sahara called the Sahel. Below are the salient points of this theory. Copy. It appears to be on the verge of collapse due to multiple civil wars ongoing in Ethiopia, Yemen, and Somalia. Will you pass the quiz? A Shatterbelt is a region in the world where persistent splintering and fracturing take place and major world powers compete for influence. It has some of the world's largest deposits of nickel, gold, lead, coal, molybdenum, gypsum, diamonds, diopside, silver and zinc, as well as extensive unexploited resources of oil and natural gas. Siberia spans an area of 13.1million square kilometres (5,100,000sqmi), covering the vast majority of Russia's total territory, and almost 9% of Earth's land surface (148,940,000km2, 57,510,000sqmi). There are also other groups of indigenous Siberian and non-indigenous ethnic origin. Federal states. A) Eastern Europe. Earn points, unlock badges and level up while studying. A shatterbelt region is a region that is internally divided by ethnicities and ideologies. Major vegetation zones extend east-west across the whole areatundra in the north; swampy forest, or taiga, over most of Siberia; and forest-steppe and steppe in southwestern Siberia and in the intermontane basins of the south. 220-180 B.C. Corrections? Please Please help!!! A massive eruptive period approximately coincided with the PermianTriassic extinction event. - a complex ethnic/cultural mosaic. The mineral resources of Siberia are enormous; particularly notable are its deposits of coal, petroleum, natural gas, diamonds, iron ore, and gold. Both mining and manufacturing underwent rapid development in Siberia in the second half of the 20th century, and steel, aluminum, and machinery are now among the chief products. False. But the cycle never seems to end. 3 - Blue=Moldova. Please help me please tell me the Coordinates for each question!! These include: Ak Ana, Anapel, Bugady Musun, Kara Khan, Khaltesh-Anki, Kini'je, Ku'urkil, Nga, Nu'tenut, Num-Torum, Pon, Pugu, Todote, Toko'yoto, Tomam, Xaya Iccita and Zonget. [48][49] With a reliable growing season, an abundance of sunshine and exceedingly fertile chernozem soils, southern Siberia is good enough for profitable agriculture, as was demonstrated in the early 20th century. The Berlin Wall fell in 1989, but people in the former East and West Germany still feel its influence. Its peak reaches 4,750 metres (15,580ft). Photo Gallery.Birds of Siberia", "Rock Ptarmigan (Lagopus muta). Their activity continued for a million years and some scientists consider it a possible cause of the "Great Dying" about 250million years ago,[16] estimated to have killed 90% of species existing at the time. The State Hermitage Museum, St. Petersburg, Russia", "Meet this extinct cave lion, at least 10,000years old world exclusive", "Late Quaternary dynamics of Arctic biota from ancient environmental genomics", DNA identifies new ancient human dubbed 'X-woman', "Jomon Culture and the peopling of the Japanese archipelago: advancements in the fields of morphometrics and ancient DNA", "A Genetic Chronicle of the First Peoples in the Americas", "Nomadic herders left a strong genetic mark on Europeans and Asians", Asia ex magna Orbis terrae descriptione Gerardi Mercatoris desumpta, studio & industria G.M. Suppose that Rossmore Brothers has an opportunity to buy the same faucets from another supplier at a cost of $28.50 per unit. Green=Houthis, allied with Iran; pink=allied with West/Saudi Arabia/UAE; white=al Qaeda controlled; dark gray dots in white area: ISIS-controlled. According to the Russian Census of 2010, the Siberian and Far Eastern Federal Districts, located entirely east of the Ural Mountains, together have a population of about 25.6million.
is siberia a shatterbelt region
is siberia a shatterbelt region
is siberia a shatterbelt region